Kazakhstan 4

Eternal Melody
kazakh kuis performed by qobyz, sybyzghy
and other traditional music instruments

Kobyz(kylkobyz)  Kobyz was  sacred  instrument. Ordinary people even were afraid to touch that instrument, because they believed, that kobyz like the  owners  of the instrument - baksis, had wonderful magic force and could influence ' the fate of man. According to the legends, kobyz and music of kobyz could banish evil spirits, illnesses and death. Kobyz   -   an   antique   two-stringed bow instrument. It is an ancient type of bow instrument, which was used by the peoples of Siberia, Central Asia, along the Volga, and in the Caucasus. Each people have their own name for bow instruments of this kind, but they resemble each other in structure, hair strings, tuning, and method of playing. The structure of the instrument itself speaks to its antiquity. The kobyz is made of one piece of juniper, maple, pine, or birch. The instrument consists of three parts: the head (bas), middle (basis-keude) and lower (ayak). The basis of the instrument is made as an open cup, stretched downwards. Its lower part is covered in leather (the sounding board). Strings for kobyz are still made of horsehair. The bow is arch-shaped and resembles an arrow bow: a bunch of horsehair is bound to both ends of a curved branch and fastened by a firm thread of camel wool. The performer embraces the bow from one side by his palm. This shaman’s instrument looked very unusual: the head was crowned by an eagle’s feather, hung by different metal plates as a kind of horny curls, figures of birds, which rang with the measure of music; on the bottom of the cup there was a mirror. Those were not only decorations, but also shaman’s symbols. The kobyz has an unusual rich and colourful timbre. The philosophical legend about Korkyt - the creator of this amazing instrument is connected with kobyz.

 Eternal Melody - Qobys Kuis - CD 1

1. Zhappas Myqtybai - Qongyr
2. Dawlet Myqtybai - Qorgyt (1.Version)
3. Musabek Zharqynbek - Qorgyt (2.Version)
4. Musabek Zharqynbek - Qorqyt Saryny
5. Musabek Zharqynbek - Zhelmaya
6. Shamshi Erenbek - Zhelmaya
7. Musabek Zharqynbek - Ushardyng Uluuy
8. Musabek Zharqynbek - Auppai
9. Musabek Zharqynbek - Targhyl Tana
10. Musabek Zharqynbek - Bashpai
11. Musabek Zharqynbek - Elim-ai, Khalqym-ai
12. Sayan Aqmolda - Tolghau
13. Qazbek Aben - Saryn
14. Qazbek Aben - Qongyrzhai
15. Qazbek Aben - Aqqu
16. Qazbek Aben - Qoshtasu
17. Qazbek Aben - Torghai Tolghauy
18. Qazbek Aben - Sybyzghy
19. Saghyntai Elepan - Kozimbetting Sayny
20. Saghyntai Elepan - Saghyntaidyng Kuii
21. Bazarkhan Qosbasar - Saryn
22. Alquat Qazaqbai - Baqsy

Eternal Melody - Qobys Kuis - CD 2

1. Zhappas Qalambai - Munglyq-Zarlyq
2. Zhappas Qalambai - Qongyr
3. Zhappas Qalambai - Qanshaiym
4. Zhappas Qalambai - Qasgyr
5. Zhappas Qalambai - Yqylas
6. Zhappas Qalambai - Qazan (2 Version)
7. Zhappas Qalambai - Zhez Kilik (1 Version)
8. Zhappas Qalambai - Zhez Kilik (2 Version)
9. Zhappas Qalambai - Marsh
10. Saghyntai Elepan - Kertolghau (1 Version)
11. Daulet Myqtybal - Kertolghau (2 Version)
12. Daulet Myqtybal - Erden
13. Daulet Myqtybal - Zhalghyz ayaq
14. Daulet Myqtybal - Qazan (1 Version)
15. Daulet Myqtybal - Airauyqtyng Ashy Kuii
16. Daulet Myqtybal - Zholaushynyng Qongyr (1 Version)
17. Daulet Myqtybal - Zholaushynyng Qongyr (2 Version)
18. Daulet Myqtybal - Qambar Batyr
19. Daulet Myqtybal - Shyngyrau

Eternal Melody - Qobys Kuis - CD 3

1. Daulet Myqtybai - Aqqu
2. Smatai Umbetbai - Erden
3. Smatai Umbetbai - Qambar Batyr
4. Smatai Umbetbai - Zhalghyz Ayaq
5. Smatai Umbetbai - Kertolghau
6. Smatai Umbetbai - Qongyr
7. Smatai Umbetbai - Toghyz Tarau
8. Smatai Umbetbai - Qazan
9. Smatai Umbetbai - Aqqu
10. Smatai Umbetbai - Zhez kiik
11. Sayan Aqmolda - Airauyqtyng Ashy Kuii
12. Sayan Aqmolda - Shyngyrau
13. Nurghazy Zhienkhanuly - Arqa Saryny
14. Nurghazy Zhienkhanuly - Arghyn Ama

The Sybyzgy is the instrument most frequently mentioned in ethnographic literature of 18th-19th centuries. However, since the end of 19th century it is rarely met. It is easily made by perforating three or four finger holes in a cane 500-700 mm long. Since the 19th century sybyzgy is also made of metal. It is a favourite instrument of herdsmen and mostly used for playing songs and kyuis of lyrical character, which helped to preserve the most ancient mi: cal art, The playing technique is complex due to its primitive nature. However, it is this design that gives the quivering, 'natural' timbre and rich overtone sounds that makes playing the ancient bourdon duo phony possible. Blowing the three-holed instrument produces a scale of over two octaves.

Eternal Melody - Sybyzghy Kuis - CD 4

1. Bolat Sarybai - Uzbe
2. Bolat Sarybai - Nar Idirgen
3. Bolat Sarybai - Qongyr
4. Bolat Sarybai - Salawat
5. Bolat Sarybai - Qambar Batyr
6. Shanaq Aughanbai - Qylang Batyr
7. Shanaq Aughanbai - Balqurai
8. Talghat Mughysh - Sary Ala Qaz
9. Talghat Mughysh - Arbiyan Qongyr
10. Talghat Mughysh - Angshynyng Zary
11. Talghat Mughysh - Begim Ber
12. Talghat Mughysh - Sary Ozen
13. Talghat Mughysh - Kenges
14. Talghat Mughysh - Boz Inggen
15. Talghat Mughysh - Toqta Bayau
16. Talghat Mughysh - Qozy Korpeshting qoshtasuy
17. Talghat Mughysh - Beibitshiik Quzy
18. Talghat Mughysh - Zharaly Aqboken
19. Talghat Mughysh - Sal Qula

Eternal Melody - Sybyzghy Kuis - CD 5

1. Kalek Qumaquai-uly - Arman
2. Kalek Qumaquai-uly - Balzhyngger
3. Kalek Qumaquai-uly - Boken Zaarghaq
4. Kalek Qumaquai-uly - Beijinn Sary Atan
5. Kalek Qumaquai-uly - Boz Ingen
6. Kalek Qumaquai-uly - Zhorgha Ayu
7. Kalek Qumaquai-uly - Zhayau Deldal
8. Kalek Qumaquai-uly - Sary Ozen
9. Kalek Qumaquai-uly - Tepeng Kok
10. Kalek Qumaquai-uly - Keng Zhailau
11. Beiilkhan Qaliaqpar-uly - Aqqabanyng Tolqyny
12. Beiilkhan Qaliaqpar-uly - Angshyny Zary
13. Beiilkhan Qaliaqpar-uly - Aqsaq Auy
14. Beiilkhan Qaliaqpar-uly - Aqymzhannyng Qongyry
15. Beiilkhan Qaliaqpar-uly - Boghda Bultary
16. Beiilkhan Qaliaqpar-uly - Boz Inggen
17. Beiilkhan Qaliaqpar-uly - Bolenkhannyng Qongry
18. Beiilkhan Qaliaqpar-uly - Buqtyrma Ozeni
19. Beiilkhan Qaliaqpar-uly - Ertis Tolgyny
20. Beiilkhan Qaliaqpar-uly - Zher koksegen Sary Atan
21. Beiilkhan Qaliaqpar-uly - Qara Ospan Biding Qara Qulag Atynyng Zhurisi
22. Zhumakhan Shotpaq-uly - Zhalghyz Zhigit
23. Zhumakhan Shotpaq-uly - Katiden koshkendegi tengizding tolgyny
24. Qusman Maqmyrza - Maidajal
25. Qusman Maqmyrza - Adasqan Qaz
26. Qusman Maqmyrza - Zhelmaya
27. Qusman Maqmyrza - Qorqyttyng Qoyzy
28. Qusman Maqmyrza - Qorqyttyng Kuii
29. Qusman Maqmyrza - Qabanbai batyrdyng zhaugha shapqandaghy Qubas Aty

The shankobyz is a metallic, tongue-played instrument made of silver and other precious metals. To play it, it is held by the teeth and the mouth cavity serves as a resonator. Real polyphony is achieved owing to the easily achieved overtones and their distinctiveness. Its chamber sound is most suitable for the lyrical songs. The shankobyz is a favourite instrument for children and women alike.

Saz syrnai - an ocarina-type flute is made of fired clay. Uskirik and tastauyk ('tas' - tone, 'tauyk' - a bird in Kazakh) are similarly made. These arc children's instruments used to imitate the voices of birds and animals in addition to playing simple tunes. Improved types are very popular nowadays due to their fascinating mild timbre and used to provide a kind of colouring to the modern ensemble music.

The zhetygen earned its name from the seven strings pulled over the frame, which is an empty box about one meter (3 ') long. Two supports in the shape of knucklebone, asyk, are placed on each side under the strings and the instrument was tuned by varying the span between them.
It is played by plucking at the strings and simultaneously pressing it on the opposite side of the support. This variation in tension of the strings produces vibrations of the sound pitches (micro pitching) giving special characteristics to the sound. By the 20th century, not even one of the zhetygen was found with Kazakhs, but thanks to the recollection of old people it has been restored. Improved types of the zhetygen are nowadays used in traditional musical ensembles and orchestras.

The next instrument, sherter, combines features of the dombra - shape - and the kobyz -gouged frame, finger-board without frets, two or three horsehair strings and leather upper board. It is smaller than the dombra and according to legends, shepherds used played it to round up the sheep. The sound it produces is so pleasing to the ear that even birds alighted beside the player. It was played in accompaniment to songs and epics. Today, improved versions are widely used in ensembles and orchestras.

Eternal Melody - Kuis performed by other age-old musical instruments - CD 6

1. Gulsara Pirzhan - Qyz Mungy ( Shang Qobyz)
2. Talghat Sarybal - Tolghau (Shang Qobyz)
3. Talghat Muqysh - Kerbez Qyz (Saz Syrnai)
4. Gulzhan Nurghali - Bulbul Torghai
5. Nurgul Zhaqypbek - Kokserke (Zethigen)
6. Nurgul Zhaqypbek - Kokserke (Zethigen)
7. Nurgul Zhaqypbek - Sur Borte (Zethigen)
8. Nurgul Zhaqypbek - Zheldirme (Zethigen)
9. Nurgul Zhaqypbek - Zhalghyz Kiik (Zethigen)
10. Ersaiyn Basyqara - Qara Zhorgha (Sherter)
11. Zamzagul Izmurat - Asem Tolghau (Sherter)

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 Kyuis

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KAZAKH MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

http://www.bukhara-carpets.com/kazakh-musical-instruments.html

http://www.kazakhstan-tourist.com/page.php?page_id=538&lang=2

http://musicheritage.nlrk.kz/index.php/en/menu/show/25

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